Parvovirus, or parvo, is a viral infection that affects young puppies and unvaccinated adult dogs.

It is highly contagious and more prevalent in warmer months.

The virus can spread by way of contaminated shoes or clothes, so a dog who does not play with other dogs can just as easily be affected.

It takes around seven to 10 days for symptoms to appear once a dog has been infected.

The symptoms can include vomiting, loss of appetite, lethargy, and bloody diarrhoea.

If not treated immediately, the dog can become dehydrated and could die within 24 hours.

Vaccination is the sure way to protect dogs from parvovirus and limit the number of cases.

Dr Bec Carter from Pet Medical said in the UK, vaccination has significantly reduced the number of cases.

She said there was an outbreak of the disease in the Hunter a couple of years ago, and while it is not as extensive now, it is still an issue.

“Vaccination is the key,” she said.

“In high risk areas such as the Hunter Valley we recommend that puppies have three vaccinations monthly starting at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by boosters every year,” Dr Carter said.

Dr Carter said as long as there are some people not vaccinating their dogs, parvovirus will remain a problem for dogs.

“[In Australia] we need to get everyone on board,” she said.

“All dogs are really susceptible.

“Treatment for parvo is not 100 per cent effective and can be very costly.

“Prevention through vaccines is the best way to avoid the disease.”